Method of burning brick and analogous ware in tunnel kilns and car for burning the ware



KLNS AND CAR TUNNEL FOR BURNlNG TH? j WARE Filed De@ U l5 1921 2 Shee'f:Shee

land State of Ohio,

" tunnel kilns difaculty of Burning Tunnel Kilns PatentedAug. 11,' 1925.

UNITED `s'ra'rizs PATENT orner..

AMERICAN nRBssLEB. `'riiN- NEL KILNS, ING., HOF CLEVELAND, OHIO,A"COIRIEIJIBAA.'IIN4 0F NEW YORK.v

METHOD or BURNING BRICK ANALoGoUs WARE BOR BURNING THE wenn. y

IN TUNNEL xILNs Nn CAR "Application illed'necember 15, 1921. Serial No.522,526.'

To all whom it may concern.' l Be it known. 4that I, PAUL A. MEEHAN,citizen of the United States, and resident of Cleveland, in the county'of Cuyahoga have invented certain new and usefultlmprovements inMethods Brickfazjd Aalogous Ware in 'and ""Carfor Burning the Wa're, ofwhich the following is -a specification. .A

In burning brick and analogousware in is experienced in gettingsufficient heat into the portion of the load of ware-on each kiln cartraversed by the central longitudinal or verticalplane of the kiln andparticularly the ware adjacent this plane at the bottom of the load andin general 'it has been found vpractically impossible to adequatelylburn this portion of the ware without either overheating the Ware atvthe sides vof-the car or sub'ecting the Ware to anotherwisexunnecessar' y prolonged heat soaking. The object of the.present invention is to overcome this diliculty ,by supplementing 4theordinary kiln heating means with .provisions for locall'y heating theportion` of the ware not adequatelyV heated by the. main kiln heatingmeans. `A further object is the provision of .a suitable car.

In carryingV o'ut'the` inventionl obtain this local heating effect lbyburning a suitable -fuel suchas coal or cokein the ware stacked on eachcar as it passes through the kiln.- The local heating, fuel thus burnedin the ware maybe deposited in the Ware prior to the introduction of thecars carrying the Ware in to the kiln, though in, sonic cases the fuelma'y be charging holes .formed in the roof of the kiln.` In either.event'the ware should be stacked on the cars provide the proper.combustipn space for the local heating fuel, a nd tov provide for thepassage ,of the iflalne and products of combustion into the portionofthe mass-of ware to be heated therebly,and if a hearth eating fuel isnot formed A in the cars -the stacked to provide such,l hearth orlire-box. When the-local heating'fuel supplied throu h charging holes inthe kiln'to the4 ware uring its transit through'the kiln, the

for heating ltunnel kilns by thus furnished fed into the'ware as.thelatter traverses the kiln through fuelin such manner astoi.

Ware should be 1chambers B mounted ware should stacked to permit' thepassage of the fuel onto the hearth br grate on which it is to beburned.

My invention is applicable in general to kilns of either the mullieheated or. open fire type. I am aware, of course, that various.arrangements have heretofore been proposed burning fuel on the carscarrying the Ware as the latter pass through the kiln, but in such priorarrangements the kiln is Vheated actually or mainlyI by the fuel thusburned on theware or ware carrying car .and in general the heatdistribution in such kilns is not better, but on the contrary, Worsethan in ordinary open fireor inutile' heated kilns. With my inventionthefuel burnt on the cars or' in the Ware furnishes but a small ,portionofthe heat requirements of the kiln and the heat A is utilized as ameans for overcoming unavoidabledefects in the distribution of the heatfurnished by the main kiln heating means.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention arepointed out with articnlarity in the claims annexed to and -orming apart of this specifie'ation. For a better tion, however, and theadvantages ppssessed. by it, reference should be had to the accompanyingdrawings and descriptive matter 1n which I have illustratedand'described preferred modes of carrying out my invention.

Of the drawings:

Fig.'1 is a transverse Asection of a tunnel kilnv with a* loaded cartherein; v

Fig-2 is a sideview of the car shown in Fig. 1 withthe ware at the righthand side of the viewshown in section o n the ,line

-Fig. 3 is a view taken .similarly'to Fig. 1a illustratinga modifiedfbrm of my inven- Fig. 4 is an end elevatioirl illustrating a secondmodification of my mvention; and

understanding of the rnven.

Fig. 5 is a plan view with a portion of 'represents a continuous tunnelkiln of tha'105 well kr own Dressler type inwhich the main kiln heatingmeans comprise combustion on benches A at-the y p tion chambers to theware.

cars'1 C which run-on the the goods carrying track railsD. Thecombustion chambers are formed with channels4 B; in their wallsextending transversely to the length of the kiln through which the kilnatmosphere may circulate in the sides 'of the: pathway for directionindicated by the arrows to thereby transmit the heat generated in thecombus- The cars 'C shown are of known type formed with chan nels Cadjacent their upper surface which extend into the car structureimmediately beneath the Ware supporting platform and inclined downward Q4open A formed -in the ware supporting are open utf-their outer ends andare also to the ware' through ports or slots C3 platform C2. The Waresupporting platform as shown .is

' the bricks to provide one or more hearths a single course of toprovide or grates extending lengthwise of the car `along the verticalcentral plane of the latter. ASv shown there are three of these hearths,D7 D2 and D", each being formed of bricks extending transversely to-thelength of the car and spaced narrow draft channels between the bricks.Thev bricks forming the' lower hearth' D are supported at `their ends`by spaced apart longitudinal courses of bricks placed on edge andtheside wall of the firebox above each hearth is shown as formed bylongitudinally extending' Vcourses of bricks arranged two the ends'ofthe corresponding hearth forming bricks. The `bricks forming thesupports for the hearth forming brick and side walls oft-hecombustionchambers are loosely spaced as shown in Fig. 2 to provide lateral portsfrom the fire-box or combustion chambers into the adjacent masses ofbricks. vWith the bricks loaded on the cars as shown in Figs. l and 2,the proper amount of lfuel is placed on each hearth or each fire-boxpreparatory to the introduction of the car into the kiln.

tributed along the length of the fire boxes.

In ordinary practice appreciably more fuell is .placed on the hearth Dthan on the liearths D2 and D3, as the greatest need for the localheating effect is at the bottom of the loaded 'ware With ware loaded asshown in Figs. iland 2V and with the fuel in place in the fire-boxes aslthe loaded cars pass through the kiln they are heated up from each sideof the 'car high and supported by ibottom of the channels C'Advantageously the fuel usedv is anthracite coal or coke breeze -andisdismore or less gradually to the maximum temperature'reached in thekiln and are then/- D', D2 and D3 ignites when the cars reach a po nt 1nthe kiln at which the temperature' is sulcientlyj high for the purposeand the sorbed by the' adjacent portion of the ware which is thatportion less readily heated by the main kiln heatingmeans While l haveillustrated the use of myl invention in connection with a muflle heatedkiln of the Dressler type, it is to be understood that the invention isuseful in 'other typ desirable'in other types of kilns since in othertypes of kilns in use the heat distribu` tion throughout the ware is ingeneral less uniform than in the Dressler type of kiln.

In the modifica-tion illustrated in Fig. 3

.f fuel to provide the local heating effect 1sintroduced into the wareas the'latter is in transit through the kiln shown as of the Dresslertype, through one or more suitably disposed chargingprifices A formed inthe roof of the kiln. As shown a fuel supply hopperE is suspended` aboveeach charging orifice A which may be closed-when coal'is not beingpassed into the furnace by a suit able brick or damper F.. The ware onthe cars, in carrying out my invention in ac cordance with Fig. 3,should be provide a port or ports in vthev upper portion of the warethrough which the fuel may fall from the charging orifice on to thehearth Dtprovided for the purpose. This hearth' as shown is like thehearth D of Figs. l and 2, and as shown the port- G through which thefuel falls onto this hearth extends the full length of the car and isprovided by arranging the ware on the car in two spaced apart massesinclined t ward one another..

In some cases the hearth for lthe auxiliary heat-ing edect may be formedin the c'ar itself as distinguished from forming it in the ware piled onthe car. example, in Figs. 4 and 5, the hearth C* isformed below thelevel of' the work supporting platformC2 of the car CA adjacent thecenter of the car, and usually below the when the latter combustionpassare used, the productsyof fuel on the ing mainly up from the burninghearth'C* into the longitudinallyextending channel G -formedlinthe" wareloaded on the car and thence rinto the bricks at the sides of thechannel.

. My invention is especially adapted for use in burning bricks, becauseof the .ease with which the ware may be arranged to obtain the desiredlocal heating, and because the relativelyl large tonnage 4of bricks ascompared 'with 4most other ware necessary for -heat thus generated isalmostl wholly ab-v es of kilns, and in general is even more.-

piled to As shown, for

commercial, economicalL operation leads to a reduction to the minimum ofthe vprolounged heat soaking treatment by which alone it is possible toadequately heatthe lower central portions of the ware-on the carswithout overheating the ware atthe volatile fuel 'such as anthracitecoal or coke breeze containing but little volatile matter, itis possibleto obtain this local overheating without damaging-*any of the ware or atmost only a very smallportion. of the ware when the latter is a coarseproduct such as bricks. 'y A i l/Vhile in` accordance with theprovisions of the statutes I .have illustrated and described theV bestmodes of carrying out my invention now known to me, it will be apparent'to those skilled in theA art fthat changes in form may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention as set forth in the appendedclaims.

, Having now described myinvention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

, 1 The improved method of heating ware A in a'continuous tunnel kilnwhich consists a local heating effectobtained in supplying themainportion of the heat` requirements .of the kiln in the usual manner and'separately supplying heatto secure by burning fuel in proximity to thelower portionof the Ware in the kiln along thecentral longitudinalcentralplane through the kiln. l

2. The improvement in the. operation of heating Ware on cars in theirpassage in the usual ware to provide a combustion spaceextendinglongitudinally of the kiln along the ver` tical central plane throughthe kilnadjacent the ybottom of the mass of Ware on the kiln andsupplying solidfuel to said combustion proximity to 'said combustionspace Vtransversely of the car,

comparatively fashioned in the bed 'at a .point removed` prising d. Acar of the character describedlyfomprising a wheeled platform uponVwhich bricksmay be stacked, and a fuel box locatedV within and removed.from the sides of the car. Y

4. A car of the character described comprising a wheeled thereonprovided with heat ues extending and a fuel box platform having a vbedcev from the sides ofthe car and communicating with Said flues. 4 5. Acar of the character. described comprising a wheeled platform upon whichbricks may be stacked, and a fuel box located within and removed fromthe sides of the car, suchrbox extending longitudinal vof the carthrough substantially its length.

' 6. A car of the character described comprising a-wheeledplatformhaving a bed thereon constructed with a series of 'transverseheat iiues, hollow iue blocks adapted to products upward and with alongitudinal fuel box removed from the sides of thecar and 4adapted tosupply heat tosaid flues and to bricks s et in stacks upon said bed.

7. A car of the character described coma wheeled platform, a b edthereon, a longitudinal central fuel -box' formed in said bed andtransverse heat flues also formed therein and having their inner endslin communication with said fuel box and their outer ends open to receiveheat.

8. A car of the character ldescribed comprising a wheeled platformuponwhich bick may be stacked', and a. fuel box located in thelongitudinal central portion thereof. 9. The combination.'with a carcomprising awheeled platform having a longitudinal fuel box located nearthe middlethereof,

Cuyahoga and State of Ohio this 13th day f -of-December A. D. 1921. I u

space to thereby locally heat the ware in PAUL A.- Manna/M.

each flue having aseries of Y convey heat'

